Cultural expenditures increased by 31.8% in 2021 compared to 2020 and reached 79 billion 530 million 334 thousand TRY, the Turkish Statistical Institute said in a statement on Thursday.

Ratio of total cultural expenditures in the gross domestic product was 1.1% in 2021, according to the statement.

The share of general government cultural expenditures was 52.4%

The share of general government expenditures in total cultural expenditures in 2021 was 52.4%. General government expenditures on culture increased by 25.1% in 2021 compared to the previous year and became 41 billion 698 million 592 thousand TRY. 72.2% of the general government expenditures was made from the central government budget. The highest payment in general government cultural expenditures was in the field of architecture with 17.8%.

Households devoted 20.5% of their cultural expenditure to television and TV equipment

Households devoted 20.5% of their total cultural expenditure on television and equipment, 15.7% on fees paid for cable/private TV broadcasting services, and 15.5% on data processing equipment in 2021.

Turnover of cultural enterprises increased by 61.4%

Total turnover of enterprises in cultural sectors increased by 61.4% in 2021 compared to the previous year and became 145 billion 186 million 559 thousand TRY. Value added at factor costs of cultural enterprises increased by 64.1% and became 27 billion 846 million 992 thousand TRY. 20.9% of value added was produced by printing and reproduction of recorded media, 13.3% by motion picture, video and television programme production, sound recording and music publishing activities and 12.3% by manufacture of jewelry and related articles.

Export of cultural goods increased by 110.6%, while import of cultural goods increased by 29.8%

Export of cultural goods increased by 110.6% compared to the previous year and became 87 billion 36 million 925 thousand TRY, while import of cultural goods increased by 29.8% and reached 37 billion 817 million 263 thousand TRY. While the share of cultural goods in total goods exported was 4.3% in 2021, the share of cultural goods in total goods imported was 1.6%.

Cultural employment increased by 8.4%

Cultural employment increased by 8.4% in 2021 compared to the previous year and reached 642 thousand people. 63.1% of the people in cultural employment were in the 30-54 age group, 28.8% in the 15-29 age group and 7.9% in the 55 and over age group.

40.2% of people in cultural employment had higher education

40.2% of those in cultural employment were higher education graduates, 36.4% were educated less than high school and 23.4% were high school and vocational high school graduates.

60.4% of the cultural employment was a regular or casual employee

Of those in cultural employment, 60.4% was regular or casual employee and 39.6% worked as employer, self-employed or unpaid family worker. 74.1% of those in cultural employment was working full-time while 25.9% was working part-time. The weekly average normal working time of persons in cultural employment was 38.7 hours.

The share of handicraft workers was 40.0%

89.3% of the people in cultural employment had a cultural occupation, while 10.6% of the people in cultural employment had other occupational groups. According to the distribution of cultural employment by cultural occupational group 40.0% was handicraft workers, 19.9% was architects, planners and surveyors, 8.4% was artistic, cultural and culinary associate professionals and 7.9% was creative and performing artists.

The share of architectural and specialized design activities was 10.7%

27.9% of the cultural employment was made up of those who worked in cultural activity domains and 72.0% in non-cultural activities. According to the cultural activities domain, the share of workers in architectural and specialized design activities was 10.7%, creative arts, performing arts and entertainment workers was 4.2% and programming, publishing, and broadcasting activities was 4.0%. (ILKHA)